Avocado
Get informed about the properties and requirements of avocado, and we will guide you to the best formulations to optimize your horticultural cultivation.
Get to know the avocado to achieve excellent results in your crops.
persea americana.
It is an evergreen tree with an almost pyramidal shape and upright posture that can reach up to 20 meters in height. As for its root system, it lacks visible root hairs but has many secondary branches. Its small flowers always have 12 petals, 12 stamens, and a single pistil per flower. The floral behavior of these flowers, called dichogamy, is very uncommon. Its fruit is a rough-skinned berry with a single seed.
Its cultivation in Spain is minor, occupying 12,000 hectares with an annual production of 90,000 tons. Globally, the regions with the highest production are located in Latin America (Mexico, Dominican Republic, Peru, and Colombia). These countries collectively produce more than 300,000 hectares.
The main varieties in Spain are Hass, followed by Bacon, Fuerte y Pinkerton.
Soil characteristics
As long as the soils have good drainage and do not suffer from waterlogging issues, avocados can adapt well to them. Thanks to their shallow root system, they can be cultivated in shallow soils, and abundant harvests can be achieved in soils with a depth of 30 to 40 cm. Their optimal pH for growth is 5.5-6.5. Chlorosis problems occur in alkaline pH levels above 7.5.
- Well-drained soils
- Shallow or moderately deep soils
- Waterlogged soils
- Alkaline soils with a pH higher than 7.5
Climate needs
For balanced growth and optimal yield of avocado crops, daytime temperatures of 25-30ºC and nighttime temperatures of 15-20ºC are required. Temperatures below -7ºC can result in reduced production or even death of the plant. Similarly, temperatures above 31ºC can also negatively impact the yield.
- Optimal daytime 25-30 ºC
- Optimal nighttime 15-20 ºC
- Minimum -7 ºC
- Maximum 31 ºC
Irrigation
The plant adapts to various rainfall conditions due to its tropical origin. It can be cultivated without irrigation in certain areas if there are annual rainfall levels between 700 and 2,000 mm. However, water should never be lacking during the fruit setting phase until harvest. It is important not to overwater as avocado is very sensitive to waterlogging and root suffocation.
- Moderate
TOP recommended formulations for most crops
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